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H&#7847;u h&#7871;t ch&uacute;ng ta &#273;&#7873;u c&oacute; &#273;i&#7875;m g&igrave; &#273;&oacute; kh&ocirc;ng th&iacute;ch v&#7873; ngo&#7841;i h&igrave;nh c&#7911;a m&igrave;nh - m&#361;i v&#7865;o, r&#259;ng kh&ocirc;ng &#273;&#7873;u ho&#7863;c m&#7855;t qu&aacute; to ho&#7863;c qu&aacute; nh&#7887;. V&agrave; m&#7863;c d&ugrave; ch&uacute;ng ta c&oacute; th&#7875; lo l&#7855;ng v&#7873; s&#7921; kh&ocirc;ng ho&agrave;n h&#7843;o c&#7911;a m&igrave;nh, nh&#432;ng ch&uacute;ng kh&ocirc;ng &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng h&agrave;ng ng&agrave;y c&#7911;a ch&uacute;ng ta.&nbsp;Nh&#432;ng nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7855;c ch&#7913;ng r&#7889;i lo&#7841;n khi&#7871;m khuy&#7871;t c&#417; th&#7875; (Body Dysmophia Disorder - BDD) lu&ocirc;n ngh&#297; v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng khi&#7871;m khuy&#7871;t v&#7873; b&#7873; ngo&agrave;i c&#7911;a b&#7843;n th&acirc;n h&agrave;ng ng&agrave;y. H&#7885; kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875; ki&#7875;m so&aacute;t nh&#7919;ng suy ngh&#297; ti&ecirc;u c&#7921;c c&#7911;a m&igrave;nh v&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng tin nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i n&oacute;i v&#7899;i h&#7885; r&#7857;ng h&#7885; tr&ocirc;ng &#7893;n. Suy ngh&#297; c&#7911;a h&#7885; c&oacute; th&#7875; g&acirc;y ra c&#7843;m gi&aacute;c &#273;au kh&#7893; nghi&ecirc;m tr&#7885;ng v&agrave; c&#7843;n tr&#7903; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng h&agrave;ng ng&agrave;y c&#7911;a h&#7885;. H&#7885; c&oacute; th&#7875; ngh&#7881; l&agrave;m ho&#7863;c ngh&#7881; h&#7885;c, tr&#7889;n tr&aacute;nh c&aacute;c t&igrave;nh hu&#7889;ng x&atilde; h&#7897;i v&agrave; c&ocirc; l&#7853;p b&#7843;n th&acirc;n, th&#7853;m ch&iacute; v&#7899;i gia &#273;&igrave;nh v&agrave; b&#7841;n b&egrave;, v&igrave; h&#7885; s&#7907; ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&aacute;c s&#7869; nh&#7853;n ra khuy&#7871;t &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7911;a m&igrave;nh. BDD th&#432;&#7901;ng ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n &#7903; thanh thi&#7871;u ni&ecirc;n v&agrave; thi&#7871;u ni&ecirc;n, v&agrave; nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913;u cho th&#7845;y n&oacute; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n nam gi&#7899;i v&agrave; ph&#7909; n&#7919; g&#7847;n nh&#432; ngang nhau. T&#7841;i Hoa K&#7923;, BDD x&#7843;y ra kho&#7843;ng 2,5% &#7903; nam gi&#7899;i v&agrave; 2,2% &#7903; n&#7919; gi&#7899;i. BDD th&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u x&#7843;y ra &#7903; thanh thi&#7871;u ni&ecirc;n t&#7915; 12-13 tu&#7893;i (Hi&#7879;p h&#7897;i T&acirc;m l&yacute; h&#7885;c Hoa K&#7923; - APA, 2013). Nguy&ecirc;n nh&acirc;n c&#7911;a BDD l&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng r&otilde; r&agrave;ng, nh&#432;ng c&aacute;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; sinh h&#7885;c v&agrave; m&ocirc;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh c&oacute; th&#7875; g&oacute;p ph&#7847;n v&agrave;o s&#7921; ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n c&#7911;a n&oacute;, bao g&#7891;m khuynh h&#432;&#7899;ng di truy&#7873;n, c&aacute;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; sinh h&#7885;c th&#7847;n kinh nh&#432; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng sai c&#7911;a serotonin trong n&atilde;o, &#273;&#7863;c &#273;i&#7875;m t&iacute;nh c&aacute;ch v&agrave; kinh nghi&#7879;m s&#7889;ng (v&iacute; d&#7909; nh&#432; b&#7883; ng&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&atilde;i, l&#7841;m d&#7909;ng t&igrave;nh d&#7909;c, b&#7855;t n&#7841;t, sang ch&#7845;n t&acirc;m l&yacute;,..). C&aacute;c tri&#7879;u ch&#7913;ng c&#7911;a BDD bao g&#7891;m:<ul><li>	Th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&ecirc;n soi g&#432;&#417;ng ho&#7863;c tr&aacute;nh soi g&#432;&#417;ng</li><li>	Lu&ocirc;n so s&aacute;nh b&#7843;n th&acirc;n m&igrave;nh v&#7899;i ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&aacute;c</li><li>	C&#7889; g&#7855;ng che gi&#7845;u c&#417; th&#7875; m&igrave;nh&nbsp;</li><li>	Th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&ecirc;n t&#7853;p th&#7875; d&#7909;c ho&#7863;c ch&#7843;i chu&#7889;t</li><li>	Lu&ocirc;n h&#7887;i ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&aacute;c xem b&#7841;n c&oacute; &#7893;n kh&ocirc;ng</li><li>	Tr&aacute;nh c&aacute;c ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng x&atilde; h&#7897;i, kh&ocirc;ng &#273;i ra kh&#7887;i nh&agrave; &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t l&agrave; ban ng&agrave;y</li><li>	Ph&#7851;u thu&#7853;t th&#7847;m m&#7929; m&#7897;t c&aacute;ch kh&ocirc;ng c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t</li><li>	C&#7843;m th&#7845;y lo l&#7855;ng, ch&aacute;n n&#7843;n v&agrave; x&#7845;u h&#7893;</li><li>	Ngh&#297; &#273;&#7871;n vi&#7879;c l&agrave;m t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng b&#7843;n th&acirc;n</li></ul> H&atilde;y l&#432;u &yacute; r&#7857;ng b&#7841;n kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875; t&#7921; ch&#7849;n &#273;o&aacute;n BDD cho ch&iacute;nh b&#7843;n th&acirc;n m&igrave;nh m&agrave; chuy&ecirc;n gia s&#7913;c kh&#7887;e t&acirc;m th&#7847;n s&#7869; ch&#7849;n &#273;o&aacute;n BDD d&#7921;a tr&ecirc;n c&aacute;c tri&#7879;u ch&#7913;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;n v&agrave; m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7911;a ch&uacute;ng &#273;&#7871;n cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;n. C&oacute; nh&#7919;ng r&#7889;i lo&#7841;n s&#7913;c kh&#7887;e t&acirc;m th&#7847;n kh&aacute;c th&#432;&#7901;ng g&#7863;p &#7903; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7855;c ch&#7913;ng BDD. Ch&uacute;ng bao g&#7891;m r&#7889;i lo&#7841;n &aacute;m &#7843;nh c&#432;&#7905;ng ch&#7871;, lo &acirc;u x&atilde; h&#7897;i, tr&#7847;m c&#7843;m v&agrave; r&#7889;i lo&#7841;n &#259;n u&#7889;ng. C&aacute;ch t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7875; ng&#259;n ng&#7915;a BDD tr&#7903; th&agrave;nh m&#7897;t v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; nghi&ecirc;m tr&#7885;ng l&agrave; ph&aacute;t hi&#7879;n s&#7899;m. BDD c&oacute; xu h&#432;&#7899;ng tr&#7903; n&ecirc;n t&#7891;i t&#7879; h&#417;n theo tu&#7893;i t&aacute;c. Ph&#7851;u thu&#7853;t th&#7849;m m&#7929; &#273;&#7875; ch&#7881;nh s&#7917;a khuy&#7871;t &#273;i&#7875;m tr&ecirc;n c&#417; th&#7875; hi&#7871;m khi h&#7919;u &iacute;ch. N&#7871;u b&#7841;n c&oacute; m&#7897;t &#273;&#7913;a tr&#7867; ho&#7863;c thanh thi&#7871;u ni&ecirc;n c&oacute; v&#7867; lo l&#7855;ng qu&aacute; m&#7913;c v&#7873; ngo&#7841;i h&igrave;nh c&#7911;a m&igrave;nh v&agrave; c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tr&#7845;n an li&ecirc;n t&#7909;c, h&atilde;y n&oacute;i chuy&#7879;n v&#7899;i chuy&ecirc;n gia s&#7913;c kho&#7867; t&acirc;m th&#7847;n. N&#7871;u b&#7843;n th&acirc;n b&#7841;n c&oacute; c&aacute;c tri&#7879;u ch&#7913;ng c&#7911;a BDD, h&atilde;y n&oacute;i chuy&#7879;n v&#7899;i chuy&ecirc;n gia s&#7913;c kh&#7887;e t&acirc;m th&#7847;n ho&#7863;c c&aacute;c nh&agrave; t&acirc;m l&yacute;. B&ecirc;n c&#7841;nh vi&#7879;c g&#7863;p g&#7905; c&aacute;c chuy&ecirc;n gia, b&#7841;n c&#361;ng c&oacute; th&#7875; t&#7921; gi&uacute;p ch&iacute;nh b&#7843;n th&acirc;n m&igrave;nh b&#7857;ng m&#7897;t s&#7889; c&aacute;ch sau &#273;&acirc;y: C&aacute;c ngu&#7891;n nh&#432; s&aacute;ch, c&aacute;c ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&igrave;nh h&#7895; tr&#7907;. C&aacute;c ngu&#7891;n n&agrave;y th&#432;&#7901;ng d&#7921;a tr&ecirc;n c&aacute;c nguy&ecirc;n t&#7855;c c&#7911;a li&#7879;u ph&aacute;p h&agrave;nh vi nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c (CBT) v&agrave; &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7913;ng minh l&agrave; &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; trong vi&#7879;c &#273;i&#7873;u tr&#7883; BDD. Th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n c&aacute;c b&#432;&#7899;c nh&#7887; &#273;&#7875; ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n nh&#432;ng th&aacute;ch th&#7913;c, nh&#7919;ng lo l&#7855;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;n c&oacute; th&#7875; l&agrave;m gi&#7843;m c&aacute;c h&agrave;nh vi c&#432;&#7905;ng ch&#7871; c&#7911;a b&#7841;n. B&#7841;n c&oacute; th&#7875; quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh s&#7917; d&#7909;ng c&aacute;c ngu&#7891;n n&agrave;y c&ugrave;ng v&#7899;i s&#7921; tr&#7907; gi&uacute;p c&#7911;a chuy&ecirc;n gia, ho&#7863;c b&#7841;n c&oacute; th&#7875; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng ch&uacute;ng &#273;&#7875; ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n c&aacute;c chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7889;i ph&oacute; c&#7911;a ri&ecirc;ng m&igrave;nh. BDD Foundation , OCD-UK v&agrave; OCD Action l&agrave; m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng ngu&#7891;n h&#7895; tr&#7907; BDD kh&aacute; uy t&iacute;n tr&ecirc;n th&#7871; gi&#7899;i. R&egrave;n luy&#7879;n vi&#7879;c ch&#259;m s&oacute;c b&#7843;n th&acirc;n. D&agrave;nh th&#7901;i gian ch&#259;m s&oacute;c b&#7843;n th&acirc;n, ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; &#259;n u&#7889;ng &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911; v&agrave; l&agrave;m &#273;i&#7873;u g&igrave; &#273;&oacute; b&#7841;n th&iacute;ch, c&oacute; th&#7875; gi&uacute;p h&#7895; tr&#7907; ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i v&agrave; c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;n. Tham gia c&aacute;c nh&oacute;m h&#7895; tr&#7907; &#273;&#7891;ng &#273;&#7859;ng. C&oacute; th&#7875; s&#7869; c&oacute; &iacute;ch khi b&#7841;n n&oacute;i chuy&#7879;n v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7855;c BDD &#273;&#7875; hi&#7875;u nh&#7919;ng g&igrave; ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&aacute;c v&agrave; b&#7841;n &#273;ang tr&#7843;i qua. L&#7855;ng nghe c&aacute;ch ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&aacute;c &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#7889;i ph&oacute; v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng c&#7843;m gi&aacute;c v&agrave; tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m t&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921; c&oacute; th&#7875; h&#7919;u &iacute;ch v&agrave; khi&#7871;n b&#7841;n b&#7899;t c&#7843;m th&#7845;y b&#7883; c&ocirc; l&#7853;p. C&aacute;c nh&oacute;m b&#7841;n b&egrave;, &#273;&#7891;ng trang l&#7913;a c&oacute; th&#7875; l&agrave; m&#7897;t ngu&#7891;n h&#7895; tr&#7907; t&#7889;t khi b&#7841;n kh&ocirc;ng mu&#7889;n g&#7863;p ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#7841;. T&agrave;i li&#7879;u tham kh&#7843;o:1.<a href="https://adaa.org/understanding-anxiety/body-dysmorphic-disorder" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204);">https://adaa.org/understanding-anxiety/body-dysmorphic-disorder</a>2.<a href="https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/body-dysmorphia/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204);">https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/body-dysmorphia/</a>3.<a href="https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/body-dysmorphic-disorder" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204);">https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/body-dysmorphic-disorder</a>4.<a href="https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/body-dysmorphic-disorder-bdd/self-care/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204);">https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/body-dysmorphic-disorder-bdd/self-care/</a>5.<a href="https://www.medicinenet.com/self-diagnosing_body_dysmorphic_disorder_bdd/article.htm" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204);">https://www.medicinenet.com/self-diagnosing_body_dysmorphic_disorder_bdd/article.htm</a> --------------------------------------------------------------PsychoHub - D&#7921; &aacute;n T&acirc;m l&yacute; h&#7885;c thu&#7897;c Youth+ CommunityFanpage:<a href="https://www.facebook.com/PsychoHub.Project/?__cft__%5B0%5D=AZUvilKZIr-yVwCNMmk2ap0S9WQTdMsS2m-ECmzMpWBYdnwnsfBXxzu2xfWK4KWKrtgwHa90yuc0r4t7dfe8d67lG464eEyLfrBIiBfsL3eh5uoLQq5fo_583Sv6UWuRlnqD9i8WqBNVO5RuA_F-Z9fwaK2xMMVaKfWBWbZVXy-pDQ&amp;__tn__=kK-R" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> https://www.facebook.com/PsychoHub.Project/</a>Email: youth.psychohub@gmail.com

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