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&#7902; ph&#7847;n 1, PsychoHub &#273;&atilde; gi&#7899;i thi&#7879;u &#273;&#7871;n c&aacute;c b&#7841;n nh&#7919;ng s&#7921; li&ecirc;n k&#7871;t c&#7889;t l&otilde;i gi&#7919;a T&acirc;m l&yacute; h&#7885;c v&agrave; Thi&#7871;t k&#7871; qua vi&#7879;c n&oacute;i &#273;&#7871;n m&#7897;t ng&agrave;nh ngh&#7873; m&#7899;i l&#7841; mang &#273;&#7853;m ch&#7845;t t&acirc;m l&yacute;, &#273;&oacute; ch&iacute;nh l&agrave; Thi&#7871;t k&#7871; Tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m Ng&#432;&#7901;i d&ugrave;ng (UX Design). &#7902; ph&#7847;n 2 n&agrave;y, h&atilde;y c&ugrave;ng ch&uacute;ng m&igrave;nh &#273;i t&igrave;m hi&#7875;u m&#7897;t s&#7889; nguy&ecirc;n l&yacute; t&acirc;m l&yacute; c&#417; b&#7843;n &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n thi&#7871;t k&#7871; nh&eacute;! <h2>1&#65039;&#8419; Skeuomorphism - S&#7921; quen thu&#7897;c v&#7899;i m&#7897;t h&igrave;nh &#7843;nh</h2><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/youth-media/editor-files/KqC9KzI9XeYz1CfZl5OFX746160ZNC1YQFwb5loZ.png">Khi &aacute;p d&#7909;ng quy t&#7855;c n&agrave;y, c&aacute;c h&igrave;nh &#7843;nh trong m&#7897;t giao di&#7879;n &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng hay trang web s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&ocirc; ph&#7887;ng l&#7841;i v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng v&#7853;t d&ugrave;ng ngo&agrave;i &#273;&#7901;i th&#7921;c c&oacute; t&iacute;nh n&#259;ng t&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921;&nbsp; v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng v&#7853;t &#273;&oacute; [1]. M&#7897;t v&iacute; d&#7909; &#273;i&#7875;n h&igrave;nh ch&iacute;nh l&agrave; logo c&aacute;c &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng thu&#7903; ban &#273;&#7847;u c&#7911;a h&#7879; &#273;i&#7873;u h&agrave;nh IOS, khi Camera c&oacute; h&igrave;nh &#7843;nh l&agrave; m&#7897;t &#7889;ng k&iacute;nh, hay Tin nh&#7855;n c&oacute; h&igrave;nh &#7843;nh l&agrave; m&#7897;t bong b&oacute;ng l&#7901;i n&oacute;i. Ngay c&#7843; trong hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i, nhi&#7873;u &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng nh&#432; Instagram hay Youtube v&#7851;n mang h&igrave;nh &#7843;nh t&#7889;i gi&#7843;n c&#7911;a nh&#7919;ng v&#7853;t d&#7909;ng m&ocirc; ph&#7887;ng ch&#7913;c n&#259;ng ch&iacute;nh c&#7911;a n&oacute;. B&#7857;ng ph&#432;&#417;ng th&#7913;c n&agrave;y, c&aacute;c nh&agrave; thi&#7871;t k&#7871; s&#7869; gi&uacute;p ng&#432;&#7901;i d&ugrave;ng d&#7877; d&agrave;ng l&agrave;m quen t&#7899;i th&#7871; gi&#7899;i c&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879; t&#432;&#7903;ng ch&#7915;ng nh&#432; r&#7845;t &#273;&#7895;i ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p n&agrave;y [1].&nbsp;&#65279;<h2>2&#65039;&#8419; C&aacute;c nguy&ecirc;n l&yacute; t&acirc;m l&yacute; h&#7885;c Gestalt</h2><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/youth-media/editor-files/t40Zq4Uix4F8KKL7FdLa8VuJhAK9CtXjOvB2Rq9E.png">Nh&#7919;ng nguy&ecirc;n l&yacute; n&agrave;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#7841;o ra nh&#7857;m mi&ecirc;u t&#7843; c&aacute;ch m&#7855;t ng&#432;&#7901;i x&#7917; l&yacute; &amp; h&igrave;nh dung c&aacute;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; h&igrave;nh &#7843;nh, t&#7915; &#273;&oacute; gi&#7843;i th&iacute;ch t&#7841;i sao con ng&#432;&#7901;i nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c r&#7857;ng c&aacute;c h&igrave;nh kh&#7889;i l&agrave; m&#7897;t v&#7853;t th&#7875; duy nh&#7845;t &amp; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c li&ecirc;n k&#7871;t v&#7899;i nhau. &#272;&acirc;y l&agrave; m&#7897;t v&iacute; d&#7909; &#273;i&#7875;n h&igrave;nh cho c&aacute;ch t&acirc;m l&yacute; h&#7885;c v&agrave; thi&#7871;t k&#7871; &#273;i song song v&#7899;i nhau. D&#432;&#7899;i &#273;&acirc;y l&agrave; m&#7897;t s&#7889; nguy&ecirc;n l&yacute; Gestalt ti&ecirc;u bi&#7875;u:&#10004; S&#7921; ti&#7871;p di&#7877;n: M&#7855;t ng&#432;&#7901;i th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;i theo nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng n&eacute;t n&#7889;i li&#7873;n c&#7911;a m&#7897;t thi&#7871;t k&#7871; v&agrave; &#432;a chu&#7897;ng s&#7921; ti&#7871;p di&#7877;n c&#7911;a c&aacute;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; th&#7883; gi&aacute;c thay v&igrave; nh&#7919;ng v&#7853;t th&#7875; ri&ecirc;ng l&#7867;&nbsp;&#10004; T&iacute;nh c&acirc;n x&#7913;ng v&agrave; tr&#7853;t t&#7921;: N&atilde;o ng&#432;&#7901;i s&#7869; t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng d&agrave;nh th&#7901;i gian &#273;&#7875; h&igrave;nh dung m&#7897;t b&#7913;c tranh to&agrave;n di&#7879;n. Ch&iacute;nh v&igrave; th&#7871;, m&#7897;t thi&#7871;t k&#7871; n&ecirc;n c&oacute; s&#7921; c&acirc;n b&#7857;ng, k&#7875; c&#7843; khi trong &#273;&oacute; c&oacute; c&aacute;c h&igrave;nh &#7843;nh kh&ocirc;ng &#273;&#7889;i x&#7913;ng &#273;&#7875; t&#7841;o ra hi&#7879;u &#7913;ng n&agrave;o &#273;&oacute; [2]&#10004; V&ugrave;ng chung v&agrave; s&#7921; t&#432;&#417;ng c&#7853;n: C&aacute;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; h&igrave;nh &#7843;nh n&#7857;m g&#7847;n nhau ho&#7863;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7863;t trong m&#7897;t ranh gi&#7899;i chung r&otilde; r&agrave;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&oacute;m v&#7899;i nhau&#10004; S&#7921; t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#7891;ng: C&aacute;c v&#7853;t c&oacute; s&#7921; gi&#7889;ng nhau th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c l&agrave; m&#7897;t h&igrave;nh &#7843;nh, h&igrave;nh kh&#7889;i hay nh&oacute;m ho&agrave;n thi&#7879;n, k&#7875; c&#7843; khi ch&uacute;ng n&#7857;m t&aacute;ch xa nhau [3] <h2>3&#65039;&#8419; S&#7921; t&#432;&#417;ng ph&#7843;n</h2><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/youth-media/editor-files/zIcnE86WbbSfvizF6Y3ZeSuHLuGEFNXxgNUBAFoz.png">S&#7921; t&#432;&#417;ng ph&#7843;n khi &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7863;t trong thi&#7871;t k&#7871; c&oacute; th&#7875; hi&#7875;u l&agrave; s&#7921; kh&aacute;c nhau gi&#7919;a nhi&#7873;u v&#7853;t trong m&#7897;t s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m, c&oacute; th&#7875; l&agrave; v&#7873; k&iacute;ch th&#432;&#7899;c, t&iacute;nh ch&#7845;t hay m&agrave;u s&#7855;c. S&#7921; t&#432;&#417;ng ph&#7843;n kh&ocirc;ng nh&#7919;ng l&agrave;m n&#7893;i b&#7853;t m&#7897;t ho&#7863;c m&#7897;t s&#7889; v&#7853;t nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh trong m&#7897;t thi&#7871;t k&#7871; [1] m&agrave; c&ograve;n khi&#7871;n con ng&#432;&#7901;i d&#7877; d&agrave;ng so s&aacute;nh v&agrave; hi&#7875;u ch&#7913;c n&#259;ng c&#7911;a c&aacute;c th&agrave;nh ph&#7847;n kh&aacute;c nhau [4]. M&#7897;t v&iacute; d&#7909; &#273;i&#7875;n h&igrave;nh ch&iacute;nh l&agrave; s&#7921; t&#432;&#417;ng ph&#7843;n &#7903; m&agrave;u s&#7855;c. Khi c&aacute;c th&agrave;nh ph&#7847;n trong m&#7897;t thi&#7871;t k&#7871; c&oacute; m&agrave;u s&#7855;c t&#432;&#417;ng ph&#7843;n r&otilde; r&agrave;ng v&#7899;i nhau, ch&uacute;ng s&#7869; gi&uacute;p ng&#432;&#7901;i d&ugrave;ng d&#7877; d&agrave;ng nh&igrave;n &amp; x&#7917; l&yacute; c&aacute;c th&agrave;nh ph&#7847;n, t&#7915; &#273;&oacute; hi&#7875;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tr&#7885;ng t&acirc;m c&#7911;a thi&#7871;t k&#7871; &#273;&oacute;. Khi ng&#432;&#7901;i d&ugrave;ng c&oacute; th&#7875; d&#7877; d&agrave;ng &#273;&#7885;c nh&#7919;ng d&ograve;ng ch&#7919; tr&ecirc;n m&#7897;t thi&#7871;t k&#7871;, h&#7885; s&#7869; c&oacute; c&#7843;m gi&aacute;c t&iacute;ch c&#7921;c h&#417;n v&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng g&#7863;p ph&#7843;i kh&oacute; kh&#259;n trong vi&#7879;c ph&acirc;n t&iacute;ch t&#7915;ng c&acirc;u ch&#7919; m&#7897;t. &#272;i&#7873;u n&agrave;y &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t quan tr&#7885;ng v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i d&ugrave;ng g&#7863;p ph&#7843;i b&#7879;nh m&ugrave; m&agrave;u, c&#7853;n th&#7883; hay c&aacute;c b&#7879;nh v&#7873; m&#7855;t kh&aacute;c [5], v&igrave; n&oacute; s&#7869; gi&uacute;p h&#7885; kh&ocirc;ng m&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u th&#7901;i gian &amp; c&ocirc;ng s&#7913;c &#273;&#7875; hi&#7875;u th&ocirc;ng &#273;i&#7879;p c&#7911;a m&#7897;t thi&#7871;t k&#7871; qua c&acirc;u ch&#7919; v&agrave; h&igrave;nh &#7843;nh, t&#7915; &#273;&oacute; m&agrave; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n s&#7921; tin c&#7853;y c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i d&ugrave;ng v&#7899;i thi&#7871;t k&#7871; &#273;&oacute;.&nbsp; Th&#7921;c ch&#7845;t, tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m ng&#432;&#7901;i d&ugrave;ng t&#7889;t kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; m&#7897;t &#273;&#7883;nh ngh&#297;a &#273;&#417;n &#273;&#7897;c n&agrave;o. Thay v&agrave;o &#273;&oacute;, tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m t&#7889;t ch&iacute;nh l&agrave; khi nhu c&#7847;u c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i d&ugrave;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&aacute;p &#7913;ng trong m&#7897;t b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh khi h&#7885; &#273;ang s&#7917; d&#7909;ng s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m [6] &#128204; Ngu&#7891;n tham kh&#7843;o:[1] Growth.Design. (n.d). The Psychology of Design. <a href="https://growth.design/psychology" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="background-color: transparent; color: rgb(17, 85, 204);">https://growth.design/psychology</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;[2] Morales, J. (2020). Design Psychology: 6 Concepts Every UX Designer Should Know. XD Ideas. <a href="https://xd.adobe.com/ideas/principles/human-computer-interaction/6-concepts-every-ux-designer-should-know/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="background-color: transparent; color: rgb(17, 85, 204);">https://xd.adobe.com/ideas/principles/human-computer-interaction/6-concepts-every-ux-designer-should-know/</a>&nbsp;[3] Laws of UX. (n.d.). Gestalt. <a href="https://lawsofux.com/hicks-law/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="background-color: transparent; color: rgb(17, 85, 204);">https://lawsofux.com</a>&nbsp;[4] Garg, C. (2020). Principles of Design: the application of contrast and similarity. Medium. <a href="https://uxdesign.cc/principles-of-design-the-application-of-contrast-and-similarity-d87f261fb84f" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="background-color: transparent; color: rgb(17, 85, 204);">https://uxdesign.cc/principles-of-design-the-application-of-contrast-and-similarity-d87f261fb84f</a>&nbsp;[5] Kaur, A. (2018). Accessibility guidelines for UX Designers - UX Collective. Medium. <a href="https://uxdesign.cc/accessibility-guidelines-for-a-ux-designer-c3ba775539be" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="background-color: transparent; color: rgb(17, 85, 204);">https://uxdesign.cc/accessibility-guidelines-for-a-ux-designer-c3ba775539be</a>&nbsp;[6] Interaction Design Foundation. (n.d). User Experience (UX) Design. <a href="https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/topics/ux-design" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="background-color: transparent; color: rgb(17, 85, 204);">https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/topics/ux-design</a>&nbsp;____________________________________PsychoHub - D&#7921; &aacute;n T&acirc;m l&yacute; h&#7885;c thu&#7897;c T&#7893; ch&#7913;c Youth+ CommunityFanpage:<a href="https://www.facebook.com/PsychoHub.Project/?__cft__%5B0%5D=AZXlXQa5zOux5T1SIdI38jNbfBBpuY2w1hxJrcL__CYVratFKfzYWLpQ29tO_Ko1BXQjQabA7wloi1hwg7Pp9WvyemMaChkxz8Sv5TUFe-2kvrdyW6g1pK1n_HW1qjmtoNMYDuN415WFhlCIHxA_oBe3&amp;__tn__=kK-R" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="background-color: transparent; color: rgb(5, 5, 5);"> </a><a href="https://www.facebook.com/PsychoHub.Project/?__cft__%5B0%5D=AZXlXQa5zOux5T1SIdI38jNbfBBpuY2w1hxJrcL__CYVratFKfzYWLpQ29tO_Ko1BXQjQabA7wloi1hwg7Pp9WvyemMaChkxz8Sv5TUFe-2kvrdyW6g1pK1n_HW1qjmtoNMYDuN415WFhlCIHxA_oBe3&amp;__tn__=kK-R" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="background-color: transparent; color: rgb(17, 85, 204);">https://www.facebook.com/PsychoHub.Project/</a>Email: youth.psychohub@gmail.com

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