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1.Ngu&#7891;n g&#7889;c c&#7911;a &aacute;c m&#7897;ng	Gi&#7845;c m&#417; l&agrave; m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng y&#7871;u t&#7889; &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t v&agrave; th&uacute; v&#7883; nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a gi&#7845;c ng&#7911;. Ngo&agrave;i vi&#7879;c ch&#7913;a &#273;&#7921;ng nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7873;u t&iacute;ch c&#7921;c v&agrave; nh&#7919;ng h&igrave;nh &#7843;nh &#273;&#7865;p &#273;&#7869;, gi&#7845;c m&#417; c&#361;ng c&oacute; th&#7875; g&acirc;y n&ecirc;n n&#7895;i s&#7907; h&atilde;i, ho&#7843;ng s&#7907; v&agrave; s&#7921; lo l&#7855;ng, &#273;&oacute; ch&iacute;nh l&agrave; &aacute;c m&#7897;ng. &Aacute;c m&#7897;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;i c&ugrave;ng v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng c&#7843;m x&uacute;c ti&ecirc;u c&#7921;c c&oacute; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng &#273;&aacute;nh th&#7913;c b&#7841;n v&agrave; s&#7869; khi&#7871;n b&#7841;n r&#7845;t kh&oacute; ch&igrave;m l&#7841;i v&agrave;o gi&#7845;c ng&#7911;. Th&#432;&#7901;ng khi b&#7883; t&#7881;nh d&#7853;y b&#7903;i 1 c&#417;n &aacute;c m&#7897;ng, con ng&#432;&#7901;i th&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7869; nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c r&#7845;t r&otilde; nh&#7919;ng g&igrave; &#273;&atilde; x&#7843;y ra trong gi&#7845;c m&#417;, v&agrave; h&#7885; th&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7869; g&#7863;p ph&#7843;i c&#7843;m x&uacute;c kh&oacute; ch&#7883;u v&agrave; lo l&#7855;ng [1]. Th&#7921;c ch&#7845;t, c&aacute;c nh&agrave; khoa h&#7885;c ch&#432;a t&igrave;m ra &#273;&#432;&#7907;c 1 nguy&ecirc;n nh&acirc;n c&#7909; th&#7875; c&#7911;a &aacute;c m&#7897;ng, nh&#432;ng h&#7885; cho r&#7857;ng n&oacute; c&oacute; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c k&iacute;ch &#273;&#7897;ng b&#7903;i m&#7897;t s&#7889; y&#7871;u t&#7889; sau [2]:	&bull; Stress v&agrave; lo &acirc;u: nh&#7919;ng t&igrave;nh hu&#7889;ng &#273;au bu&#7891;n, g&acirc;y &aacute;m &#7843;nh, lo l&#7855;ng, stress hay ho&#7843;ng s&#7907; c&oacute; th&#7875; d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n &aacute;c m&#7897;ng&nbsp;	&bull; B&#7879;nh t&acirc;m l&yacute;: T&#7847;n su&#7845;t g&#7863;p ph&#7843;i &aacute;c m&#7897;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng cao h&#417;n r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u &#7903; nh&#7919;ng b&#7879;nh nh&acirc;n r&#7889;i lo&#7841;n stress sau sang ch&#7845;n t&acirc;m l&yacute; (PTSD), tr&#7847;m c&#7843;m, r&#7889;i lo&#7841;n lo &acirc;u, r&#7889;i lo&#7841;n l&#432;&#7905;ng c&#7921;c, v&agrave; t&acirc;m th&#7847;n ph&acirc;n li&#7879;t. V&iacute; d&#7909;, nh&#7919;ng b&#7879;nh nh&acirc;n m&#7855;c PTSD th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&ecirc;n tr&#7843;i qua nh&#7919;ng c&#417;n &aacute;c m&#7897;ng c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; m&#7841;nh t&aacute;i hi&#7879;n l&#7841;i nh&#7919;ng s&#7921; ki&#7879;n g&acirc;y sang ch&#7845;n t&acirc;m l&yacute; [1]	&bull; M&#7897;t s&#7889; lo&#7841;i thu&#7889;c: S&#7917; d&#7909;ng m&#7897;t s&#7889; lo&#7841;i thu&#7889;c nh&#432; thu&#7889;c ch&#7889;ng tr&#7847;m c&#7843;m, thu&#7889;c huy&#7871;t &aacute;p hay thu&#7889;c &#7913;c ch&#7871; beta c&#361;ng c&oacute; th&#7875; gia t&#259;ng kh&#7843; n&#259;ng g&#7863;p &aacute;c m&#7897;ng&nbsp;	&bull; S&#7917; d&#7909;ng ch&#7845;t g&acirc;y nghi&#7879;n &amp; ch&#7845;t k&iacute;ch th&iacute;ch [2] 2.&Aacute;c m&#7897;ng d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n r&#7889;i lo&#7841;n t&acirc;m l&yacute; (R&#7889;i lo&#7841;n &aacute;c m&#7897;ng)	C&oacute; bao gi&#7901; b&#7841;n th&#7855;c m&#7855;c li&#7879;u s&#7921; hi&#7879;n di&#7879;n th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&ecirc;n c&#7911;a &aacute;c m&#7897;ng s&#7869; c&oacute; th&#7875; g&acirc;y t&aacute;c &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7899;n l&ecirc;n cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng? Khi x&eacute;t v&#7873; &#273;&#7897; tu&#7893;i, tr&#7867; con s&#7869; th&#432;&#7901;ng g&#7863;p ph&#7843;i &aacute;c m&#7897;ng nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#7899;n, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t l&agrave; &#7903; &#273;&#7897; tu&#7893;i t&#7915; 3 &#273;&#7871;n 6. T&#7847;n su&#7845;t g&#7863;p &aacute;c m&#7897;ng s&#7869; gi&#7843;m d&#7847;n khi &#273;&#7913;a tr&#7867; l&#7899;n l&ecirc;n, nh&#432;ng &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i v&agrave;i ng&#432;&#7901;i th&igrave; c&aacute;c c&#417;n &aacute;c m&#7897;ng v&#7851;n ti&#7871;p di&#7877;n &#273;&#7871;n th&#7901;i ni&ecirc;n thi&#7871;u hay th&#7853;m ch&iacute; khi tr&#432;&#7903;ng th&agrave;nh [1]. N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7881;nh tho&#7843;ng g&#7863;p ph&#7843;i m&#7897;t c&#417;n &aacute;c m&#7897;ng th&igrave; h&atilde;y &#273;&#7915;ng lo l&#7855;ng qu&aacute;, &#273;&oacute; l&agrave; &#273;i&#7873;u b&igrave;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng th&ocirc;i. Nh&#432;ng n&#7871;u t&#7847;n su&#7845;t g&#7863;p &aacute;c m&#7897;ng cao &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c gi&#7845;c ng&#7911; c&#7911;a b&#7841;n th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&ecirc;n b&#7883; gi&aacute;n &#273;o&#7841;n th&igrave; c&oacute; th&#7875; b&#7841;n &#273;&atilde; m&#7855;c ch&#7913;ng r&#7889;i lo&#7841;n &aacute;c m&#7897;ng [4]. C&#259;n b&#7879;nh n&agrave;y kh&ocirc;ng nh&#7919;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&ecirc;n gi&aacute;n &#273;o&#7841;n gi&#7845;c ng&#7911; c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7879;nh m&agrave; c&ograve;n &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n t&acirc;m tr&#7841;ng v&agrave; t&#432; duy c&#7911;a h&#7885; trong ban ng&agrave;y. &#7902; v&agrave;i ng&#432;&#7901;i, &aacute;c m&#7897;ng th&#7853;m ch&iacute; c&oacute; th&#7875; x&#7843;y ra &#273;&#7871;n v&agrave;i l&#7847;n trong m&#7897;t tu&#7847;n v&agrave;/ho&#7863;c h&#417;n 1 l&#7847;n trong c&ugrave;ng 1 &#273;&ecirc;m [3].&nbsp; 3.&#7842;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng	M&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i c&oacute; th&#7875; m&#7855;c r&#7889;i lo&#7841;n &aacute;c m&#7897;ng n&#7871;u h&#7885; g&#7863;p ph&#7843;i &aacute;c m&#7897;ng h&#417;n 1 l&#7847;n trong 1 tu&#7847;n [2]. Nh&#7919;ng b&#7879;nh nh&acirc;n r&#7889;i lo&#7841;n &aacute;c m&#7897;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7869; ng&#7911; kh&ocirc;ng y&ecirc;n gi&#7845;c, th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&ecirc;n b&#7883; t&#7881;nh d&#7853;y &amp; kh&oacute; quay l&#7841;i v&agrave;o gi&#7845;c ng&#7911; [3]. Ngo&agrave;i ra, ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7879;nh s&#7869; g&#7863;p ph&#7843;i c&aacute;c n&#7895;i lo l&#7855;ng &amp; ho&#7843;ng s&#7907; v&#7873; vi&#7879;c g&#7863;p ph&#7843;i &aacute;c m&#7897;ng, n&ecirc;n kh&#7843; n&#259;ng cao h&#7885; s&#7869; b&#7883; thi&#7871;u ng&#7911;, t&#7915; &#273;&oacute; m&agrave; suy gi&#7843;m c&aacute;c b&#7897; ph&#7853;n c&#417; th&#7875;, c&#7843;m th&#7845;y bu&#7891;n ng&#7911;, m&#7879;t m&#7887;i hay thi&#7871;u n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng v&agrave;o ban ng&agrave;y. V&iacute; d&#7909;, ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7879;nh r&#7889;i lo&#7841;n gi&#7845;c m&#7897;ng s&#7869; d&#7877; m&#7845;t t&#7853;p trung, g&#7863;p ph&#7843;i v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; v&#7873; tr&iacute; nh&#7899;, hay kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875; ng&#7915;ng suy ngh&#297; v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng h&igrave;nh &#7843;nh trong gi&#7845;c m&#417; c&#7911;a m&igrave;nh. T&#7915; &#273;&oacute; m&agrave; vi&#7879;c h&#7885;c t&#7853;p, l&agrave;m vi&#7879;c, hay c&aacute;c ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng giao ti&#7871;p x&atilde; h&#7897;i th&#432;&#7901;ng ng&agrave;y c&#7911;a h&#7885; c&#361;ng s&#7869; ph&#7847;n n&agrave;o gi&#7843;m ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng [2]. 4.C&aacute;ch th&#7913;c &#273;i&#7873;u tr&#7883;	B&#7857;ng c&aacute;ch b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u nh&#7919;ng th&oacute;i quen &ldquo;v&#7879; sinh gi&#7845;c ng&#7911;&rdquo; d&#432;&#7899;i &#273;&acirc;y, b&#7841;n s&#7869; c&oacute; th&#7875; h&#7841;n ch&#7871; t&#7889;i &#273;a s&#7921; hi&#7879;n di&#7879;n c&#7911;a &aacute;c m&#7897;ng. H&atilde;y c&ugrave;ng ch&uacute;ng m&igrave;nh &#273;i&#7875;m qua v&agrave;i &lsquo;tips&rsquo; nho nh&#7887; nh&eacute;!	&bull; Th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n nh&#7919;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng th&#432; gi&atilde;n nh&#432; t&#7853;p thi&#7873;n hay &#273;&#7885;c s&aacute;ch tr&#432;&#7899;c khi ng&#7911; trong m&ocirc;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng ph&ograve;ng ng&#7911; y&ecirc;n t&#297;nh &amp; tho&#7843;i m&aacute;i nh&#7857;m gi&#7843;m stress v&agrave; lo &acirc;u	&bull; Tr&aacute;nh ti&#7871;p x&uacute;c v&#7899;i m&agrave;n h&igrave;nh &#273;i&#7879;n t&#7917; t&#7915; 1 ti&#7871;ng tr&#7903; l&ecirc;n tr&#432;&#7899;c gi&#7901; ng&#7911;, v&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng xem nh&#7919;ng n&#7897;i dung &#273;&aacute;ng s&#7907; hay g&acirc;y phi&#7873;n to&aacute;i tr&#432;&#7899;c gi&#7901; ng&#7911;	&bull; Kh&ocirc;ng u&#7889;ng r&#432;&#7907;u bia trong bu&#7893;i t&#7889;i v&agrave; nh&#7845;t l&agrave; tr&#432;&#7899;c khi &#273;i ng&#7911;	&bull; T&#7841;o ra m&#7897;t th&#7901;i gian bi&#7875;u &#273;i ng&#7911; k&#7875; c&#7843; trong cu&#7889;i tu&#7847;n &#273;&#7875; tr&aacute;nh vi&#7879;c thi&#7871;u ng&#7911;, t&#7915; &#273;&oacute; m&agrave; gia t&#259;ng c&aacute;c gi&#7845;c m&#417; ti&ecirc;u c&#7921;c&nbsp;	Ngo&agrave;i ra, n&#7871;u b&#7841;n g&#7863;p &aacute;c m&#7897;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&ecirc;n, h&atilde;y tham v&#7845;n b&aacute;c s&#297; v&agrave; h&#7885; s&#7869; gi&uacute;p b&#7841;n nh&#7853;n bi&#7871;t xem b&#7841;n c&oacute; g&#7863;p ph&#7843;i r&#7889;i lo&#7841;n gi&#7845;c m&#7897;ng hay kh&ocirc;ng. Khi &#273;&oacute;, b&#7841;n s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tr&#7883; li&#7879;u h&agrave;nh vi ho&#7863;c k&ecirc; thu&#7889;c gi&uacute;p &#273;i&#7873;u tr&#7883; c&#259;n b&#7879;nh [3]. C&ograve;n n&#7871;u b&#7841;n g&#7863;p ph&#7843;i nh&#7919;ng c&#417;n &aacute;c m&#7897;ng &lsquo;m&atilde;n t&iacute;nh&rsquo; th&igrave; nguy&ecirc;n nh&acirc;n th&#432;&#7901;ng do c&aacute;c v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; t&acirc;m l&yacute;, v&agrave; b&#7841;n c&oacute; th&#7875; tham v&#7845;n nh&agrave; t&acirc;m l&yacute; h&#7885;c ho&#7863;c nh&agrave; tr&#7883; li&#7879;u. H&#7885; s&#7869; &#273;&#432;a ra c&aacute;c ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&aacute;p &#273;i&#7873;u tr&#7883; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; &#273;&#7875; gi&uacute;p b&#7841;n gi&#7843;i quy&#7871;t c&aacute;c v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; g&acirc;y b&#7879;nh [4].&#65279;T&agrave;i li&#7879;u tham kh&#7843;o[1] Suni, E. (2021). Nightmares. Sleep Foundation. <a href="https://www.sleepfoundation.org/nightmares" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="background-color: transparent; color: rgb(17, 85, 204);">https://www.sleepfoundation.org/nightmares</a>&nbsp;[2] Mayo Clinic. (2021). Nightmare disorder. Mayo Clinic. <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nightmare-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20353515" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="background-color: transparent; color: rgb(17, 85, 204);">https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nightmare-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20353515</a>&nbsp;[3] Pacheco, D. (2020). How Do Dreams Affect Sleep?. Sleep Foundation. <a href="https://www.sleepfoundation.org/dreams/how-do-dreams-affect-sleep#:~:text=People%20with%20nightmare%20disorder%20may,of%20insomnia%20and%20sleep%20deprivation" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="background-color: transparent; color: rgb(17, 85, 204);">https://www.sleepfoundation.org/dreams/how-do-dreams-affect-sleep#:~:text=People%20with%20nightmare%20disorder%20may,of%20insomnia%20and%20sleep%20deprivation</a>.[4] American Sleep Association (n.d.). Nightmares &ndash; What are they and how do you treat them. American Sleep Association.<a href="https://www.sleepassociation.org/sleep-disorders/night-terrors/nightmares/#:~:text=Nightmares%20are%20considered%20a%20sleeping,or%20medical%20or%20psychological%20conditions" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="background-color: transparent; color: rgb(17, 85, 204);">https://www.sleepassociation.org/sleep-disorders/night-terrors/nightmares/#:~:text=Nightmares%20are%20considered%20a%20sleeping,or%20medical%20or%20psychological%20conditions</a>.&nbsp;______________________________________&nbsp;PsychoHub - D&#7921; &aacute;n T&acirc;m l&yacute; h&#7885;c thu&#7897;c Youth+ Community&nbsp;Fanpage: https://www.facebook.com/PsychoHub.Project/Email: youth.psychohub@gmail.com

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