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CH&Uacute;C M&#7914;NG NG&Agrave;Y TH&#7870; GI&#7898;I NH&#7852;N TH&#7912;C V&#7872; CH&#7912;NG T&#7920; K&#7926; (ASD)!Nh&acirc;n d&#7883;p &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t n&agrave;y, h&atilde;y c&ugrave;ng PsychoHub t&igrave;m hi&#7875;u m&#7897;t ch&uacute;t v&#7873; ch&#7913;ng R&#7889;i lo&#7841;n ph&#7893; T&#7921; k&#7927; (hay T&#7921; k&#7927;) n&agrave;y nh&eacute;!V&#7853;y c&acirc;u h&#7887;i &#273;&#7847;u ti&ecirc;n: T&#7921; k&#7927; l&agrave; g&igrave;? T&#7921; k&#7927; nay &#273;&#432;&#7907;c bi&#7871;t v&#7899;i c&aacute;i t&ecirc;n l&agrave; R&#7889;i lo&#7841;n ph&#7893; T&#7921; k&#7927; (Autism Spectrum Dysfunction - ASD) b&#7903;i v&igrave; s&#7921; &#273;a d&#7841;ng v&agrave; phong ph&uacute; c&#7911;a c&aacute;c tri&#7879;u ch&#7913;ng, v&igrave; v&#7853;y m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7855;c ch&#7913;ng t&#7921; k&#7927; c&oacute; th&#7875; c&oacute; c&aacute;c tri&#7879;u ch&#7913;ng kh&aacute;c v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i c&oacute; ch&#7913;ng t&#7921; k&#7927; kh&aacute;c. Tuy nhi&ecirc;n, T&#7921; k&#7927; c&oacute; 3 tri&#7879;u ch&#7913;ng chung cho t&#7845;t c&#7843; c&aacute;c lo&#7841;i:&nbsp;<ol><li>Th&aacute;ch th&#7913;c trong t&#432;&#417;ng t&aacute;c x&atilde; h&#7897;i: Ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng l&#7879;ch l&#7841;c v&agrave; kh&oacute; kh&#259;n trong giao ti&#7871;p.</li><li>R&#7889;i lo&#7841;n ch&#7913;c n&#259;ng nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c v&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m ho&#7863;c qu&aacute; nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m v&#7899;i m&#7897;t s&#7889; k&iacute;ch th&iacute;ch nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh li&ecirc;n quan &#273;&#7871;n th&#7883; l&#7921;c, th&iacute;nh gi&aacute;c, kh&#7913;u gi&aacute;c, v&#7883; gi&aacute;c v&agrave; x&uacute;c gi&aacute;c.</li><li>C&oacute; xu h&#432;&#7899;ng tham gia v&agrave;o h&agrave;nh vi l&#7863;p &#273;i l&#7863;p l&#7841;i trong su&#7889;t cu&#7897;c &#273;&#7901;i m&#7897;t c&aacute;ch c&#417; b&#7843;n h&agrave;ng ng&agrave;y. &#272;i&#7873;u &#273;&oacute; c&oacute; th&#7875; li&ecirc;n quan &#273;&#7871;n nh&#7883;p &#273;&#7897;, l&#7855;c &#273;&#7847;u v&agrave; b&uacute;ng tay li&ecirc;n t&#7909;c,...</li></ol>N&#259;m 2020, CDC b&aacute;o c&aacute;o r&#7857;ng c&#7913; 54 tr&#7867; th&igrave; c&oacute; 1 tr&#7867; &#7903; M&#7929; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7849;n &#273;o&aacute;n m&#7855;c ch&#7913;ng R&#7889;i lo&#7841;n ph&#7893; T&#7921; k&#7927; (ASD) v&agrave; c&aacute;c b&eacute; trai c&oacute; nguy c&#417; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7849;n &#273;o&aacute;n m&#7855;c ch&#7913;ng t&#7921; k&#7927; cao h&#417;n 5 l&#7847;n so v&#7899;i c&aacute;c b&eacute; g&aacute;i.Nguy&ecirc;n nh&acirc;n d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n ch&#7913;ng r&#7889;i lo&#7841;n n&#7843;y v&#7851;n ch&#432;a &#273;&#432;&#7907;c kh&aacute;m ph&aacute;, nh&#432;ng c&aacute;c nh&agrave; khoa h&#7885;c tin r&#7857;ng n&oacute; c&oacute; li&ecirc;n quan &#273;&#7871;n c&aacute;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; bao g&#7891;m: di truy&#7873;n, m&ocirc;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&agrave; t&acirc;m l&yacute;.T&#7921; k&#7927; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c chia l&agrave;m 3 lo&#7841;i ch&iacute;nh:&nbsp;<ol><li>Kanner&rsquo;s Autism: th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c bi&#7871;t &#273;&#7871;n l&agrave; ch&#7913;ng T&#7921; k&#7927; nghi&ecirc;m tr&#7885;ng (hay T&#7921; k&#7927; ch&#7913;c n&#259;ng th&#7845;p). Nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7855;c ch&#7913;ng T&#7921; k&#7927; n&agrave;y th&#432;&#7901;ng c&oacute; c&aacute;c tri&#7879;u ch&#7913;ng t&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921; nh&#432;ng nghi&ecirc;m tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n, c&ugrave;ng v&#7899;i m&#7897;t s&#7889; c&aacute;c r&#7889;i lo&#7841;n ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n kh&aacute;c; IQ r&#7845;t th&#7845;p, m&#7845;t nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c, l&#7901;i n&oacute;i, h&agrave;nh vi ch&#7889;ng &#273;&#7889;i x&atilde; h&#7897;i v&agrave; ch&#7853;m ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n tr&iacute; tu&#7879; l&agrave; c&aacute;c bi&#7875;u hi&#7879;n &#7903; nh&#7919;ng tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p nghi&ecirc;m tr&#7885;ng n&agrave;y.</li><li>Asperger&rsquo;s Syndrome: H&#7897;i ch&#7913;ng Asperger c&ograve;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c g&#7885;i l&agrave; t&#7921; k&#7927; ch&#7913;c n&#259;ng cao khi c&aacute; nh&acirc;n c&oacute; xu h&#432;&#7899;ng c&oacute; c&aacute;c tri&#7879;u ch&#7913;ng c&#417; b&#7843;n nh&#432;ng v&#7899;i m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; nghi&ecirc;m tr&#7885;ng th&#7845;p n&ecirc;n c&aacute;c c&aacute; nh&acirc;n m&#7855;c ph&#7843;i n&oacute; c&oacute; r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u c&#417; h&#7897;i trong cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng b&igrave;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng. H&#7897;i ch&#7913;ng Asperger &#273;&#432;&#7907;c bi&#7871;t l&agrave; c&oacute; li&ecirc;n quan &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c IQ cao &#7903; m&#7897;t s&#7889; c&aacute;c kh&iacute;a c&#7841;nh nh&#432; to&aacute;n h&#7885;c, khoa h&#7885;c, ngh&#7879; thu&#7853;t v&agrave; &acirc;m nh&#7841;c. Nh&#432;ng b&ecirc;n c&#7841;nh &#273;&oacute; th&igrave; h&#7885; l&#7841;i g&#7863;p kh&oacute; kh&#259;n trong c&aacute;c ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng c&#417; b&#7843;n h&agrave;ng ng&agrave;y. B&#7841;n c&oacute; th&#7875; t&#432;&#7903;ng t&#432;&#7907;ng m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i c&oacute; &#273;i&#7875;m s&#7889; cao nh&#7845;t trong k&#7923; thi SATs nh&#7919;ng hai l&#7847;n nh&#432;ng kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875; &#273;i xe &#273;&#7841;p v&agrave; b&#7883; nh&#7847;m l&#7851;n trong c&aacute;c nhi&#7879;m v&#7909; d&#7877; d&agrave;ng nh&#7845;t nh&#432; m&#7903; c&#7917;a?</li><li>Pervasive Developmental Disorder (hay Atypical Autism) t&#7841;m d&#7883;ch l&agrave; R&#7889;i lo&#7841;n ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n lan t&#7887;a ho&#7863;c T&#7921; k&#7927; kh&ocirc;ng &#273;i&#7875;n h&igrave;nh. N&oacute; th&#432;&#7901;ng bao g&#7891;m nh&#7919;ng sai l&#7879;ch li&ecirc;n quan &#273;&#7871;n h&agrave;nh vi v&agrave; x&atilde; h&#7897;i h&#417;n v&agrave; l&agrave; m&#7897;t d&#7841;ng t&#7921; k&#7927; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913;u kh&aacute; &iacute;t.</li></ol>B&#7845;t k&#7875; lo&#7841;i t&#7921; k&#7927; n&agrave;o, c&aacute;c tri&#7879;u ch&#7913;ng &#273;&#7873;u b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u bi&#7875;u hi&#7879;n trong v&ograve;ng ba n&#259;m &#273;&#7847;u ti&ecirc;n &#273;&#7901;i. Nghe c&oacute; v&#7867; nh&#432; v&ocirc; v&#7885;ng nh&#432;ng kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; c&aacute;ch ch&#7919;a tr&#7883; c&#259;n b&#7843;n n&agrave;o cho ch&#7913;ng t&#7921; k&#7927;. C&aacute;c b&aacute;c s&#297; &#273;&ocirc;i khi &#273;&#7873; ngh&#7883; d&ugrave;ng thu&#7889;c ch&#7889;ng tr&#7847;m c&#7843;m k&egrave;m theo c&aacute;c bu&#7893;i hu&#7845;n luy&#7879;n th&#7875; ch&#7845;t v&agrave; tinh th&#7847;n &#273;&#7875; c&aacute; nh&acirc;n c&oacute; th&#7875; th&iacute;ch nghi v&#7899;i th&#7871; gi&#7899;i b&igrave;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng. Nh&#432;ng kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; li&#7879;u ph&aacute;p n&agrave;o cho th&#7845;y hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; 100%.T&#7921; k&#7927; ph&#7843;i ch&#259;ng ch&#7881; l&agrave; m&#7897;t c&aacute;ch kh&aacute;c m&agrave; ch&uacute;ng ta nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c v&#7873; th&#7921;c t&#7841;i. Ch&uacute;ng ta ch&#7881; x&#7917; l&yacute; c&aacute;c k&iacute;ch th&iacute;ch xung quanh m&igrave;nh kh&aacute;c v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&aacute;c v&agrave; &#273;&oacute; c&oacute; th&#7875; l&agrave; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#7847;y h&#7913;a h&#7865;n &#273;&#7875; ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n m&#7897;t li&#7879;u ph&aacute;p hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; gi&uacute;p &#273;i&#7873;u tr&#7883; c&aacute;c d&#7841;ng T&#7921; k&#7927; nghi&ecirc;m tr&#7885;ng. M&#7897;t nh&oacute;m nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913;u t&#7841;i &#272;&#7841;i h&#7885;c UCLA &#273;&atilde; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n m&#7897;t d&#7921; &aacute;n, v&agrave; h&#7885; nh&#7853;n th&#7845;y r&#7857;ng ch&#7881; c&#7847;n thay &#273;&#7893;i c&aacute;c k&iacute;ch th&iacute;ch c&oacute; th&#7875; quan s&aacute;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c, c&aacute;c &#273;&#7863;c &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7921; k&#7927; c&oacute; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c b&igrave;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng h&oacute;a. V&igrave; v&#7853;y, b&#7841;n th&#7845;y &#273;&#7845;y, t&#7921; k&#7927; kh&ocirc;ng ph&#7843;i l&agrave; &#7889;m &#273;au hay b&#7879;nh t&#7853;t, &#273;&oacute; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n ch&#7881; l&agrave; s&#7921; kh&aacute;c bi&#7879;t v&agrave; b&#7845;t c&#7913; &#273;i&#7873;u g&igrave; khi&#7871;n b&#7841;n kh&aacute;c bi&#7879;t, &#273;&#7873;u khi&#7871;n b&#7841;n tr&#7903; n&ecirc;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t.&nbsp;C&oacute; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u th&uacute; v&#7883; l&agrave; m&#7897;t v&agrave;i ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7855;c ch&#7913;ng t&#7921; k&#7927; c&oacute; n&#259;ng l&#7921;c &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t. M&#7897;t s&#7889; ng&#432;&#7901;i T&#7921; k&#7927; c&oacute; si&ecirc;u n&#259;ng l&#7921;c d&#432;&#7899;i d&#7841;ng h&#7897;i ch&#7913;ng Savant, trong &#273;&oacute; h&#7885; c&oacute; th&#7875; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n c&aacute;c ph&eacute;p t&iacute;nh c&#7911;a si&ecirc;u vi t&iacute;nh trong &#273;&#7847;u nh&#432; &#273;o&aacute;n ng&agrave;y ch&iacute;nh x&aacute;c c&#7911;a m&#7897;t ng&agrave;y c&#7909; th&#7875; c&aacute;ch &#273;&acirc;y 1000 n&#259;m. Trong nh&#7919;ng tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p kh&aacute;c, h&#7885; c&oacute; tr&iacute; nh&#7899; ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n v&agrave; d&agrave;i h&#7841;n si&ecirc;u m&#7841;nh do &#273;&oacute; h&#7885; c&oacute; th&#7875; ghi nh&#7899; nhi&#7873;u s&#7921; ki&#7879;n, m&#7851;u v&agrave; chi ti&#7871;t v&#7899;i &#273;&#7897; ch&iacute;nh x&aacute;c cao.B&#7841;n c&oacute; bi&#7871;t Isaac Newton, Mozart, Charles Darwin, Nikola Tesla, Albert Einstein gi&#7889;ng nhau &#7903; &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t n&agrave;o kh&ocirc;ng? &#272;&oacute; l&agrave; T&#7920; K&#7926;. Th&ocirc;ng qua vi&#7879;c quan s&aacute;t, c&aacute;c nh&agrave; nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913;u cho r&#7857;ng h&#7885; &#273;ang c&oacute; c&aacute;c tri&#7879;u ch&#7913;ng c&oacute; th&#7875; li&ecirc;n quan ch&#7863;t ch&#7869; &#273;&#7871;n H&#7897;i ch&#7913;ng Asperger. M&#7895;i ng&#432;&#7901;i trong s&#7889; h&#7885; &#273;&atilde; c&aacute;ch m&#7841;ng h&oacute;a th&#7871; gi&#7899;i c&#7911;a ch&uacute;ng ta theo nh&#7919;ng c&aacute;ch &#273;&#7847;y s&aacute;ng t&#7841;o v&agrave; &#273;&#7897;c &#273;&aacute;o m&agrave; ch&#432;a t&#7915;ng ai ngh&#297; &#273;&#7871;n tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&acirc;y.V&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng ai c&oacute; nh&#7919;ng b&#7841;n t&#7921; k&#7927;, h&atilde;y &ocirc;m l&#7845;y h&#7885; m&#7895;i khi h&#7885; hoang mang s&#7907; h&atilde;i. Nh&#7919;ng c&aacute;i &ocirc;m s&#7869; &#273;em l&#7841;i c&#7843;m gi&aacute;c th&#7887;a m&atilde;n v&agrave; h&agrave;i l&ograve;ng v&agrave; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c khoa h&#7885;c ch&#7913;ng minh l&agrave; c&oacute; t&aacute;c d&#7909;ng gi&uacute;p xoa d&#7883;u ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7921; k&#7927;.______________________________________Tham kh&#7843;o: Waleed Sohail Chohan (Biology Decoded), What is Autism (Written by Autistic Person), FreeMedEducation, <a href="https://youtu.be/JPO-uOPK5RI">https://youtu.be/JPO-uOPK5RI</a>______________________________________PsychoHub - D&#7921; &aacute;n T&acirc;m l&yacute; h&#7885;c thu&#7897;c Youth+ CommunityFanpage:<a href="https://www.facebook.com/PsychoHub.Project/?__cft__%5B0%5D=AZVcsTM3qtoEBgV0hE3PqyBuHWlGy6wzzHlueEdrdVEh5X5p_Eq0YWWqSwmpRCbxVaD39hgINa1x5BNvJcNcW_lC0k0Jp8i7Zi5ashllrwA_nV-cO-a6cemtXzoyos7zdt4qaT01er1OBffuLcpstk2J43z58xIuJyMvEHK2FID_SA&amp;__tn__=kK-R"> https://www.facebook.com/PsychoHub.Project/</a>Email: youth.psychohub@gmail.com&nbsp;&nbsp;

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