WORKSHOP SÁCH XU HƯỚNG VĂN HOÁ ĐỌC TRONG THỜI ĐẠI 4.0

DỰ ÁN SÁCH LOVE BOOKS LOVE LIFE TUYỂN THÀNH VIÊN ĐỢT 02

WORKSHOP XU HƯỚNG VĂN HOÁ ĐỌC TRONG THỜI ĐẠI 4.0

YOUTH+ VIỆT NAM TUYỂN CỘNG TÁC VIÊN (cho chuyến hành trình mang tên: Tốc Hành Ký)

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<html><body>M&igrave;nh kh&ocirc;ng &#273;&#432;a Spirited Away v&agrave;o Syllabus kh&oacute;a m&#7899;i, v&igrave; s&#7907; l&#7841;i nh&#7847;m l&#7899;p v&#7873; Ghibli, nh&#432;ng n&#7871;u nh&igrave;n k&#7929; phim n&agrave;y, ho&#7863;c ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n c&aacute;c b&#7897; phim b&#7841;n g&#7863;p th&igrave; ch&uacute;ng &#273;&#7873;u c&oacute; 1 h&igrave;nh m&#7851;u chung g&#7885;i l&agrave; Meta-story, c&acirc;u chuy&#7879;n c&#7911;a m&#7885;i c&acirc;u chuy&#7879;n. Tr&#432;&#7899;c khi v&agrave;o phim, th&igrave; b&#7841;n ph&#7843;i hi&#7875;u 2 ph&acirc;n lo&#7841;i c&#259;n b&#7843;n &amp; ch&acirc;n th&#7921;c nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m s&#7889;ng l&agrave; Tr&#7853;t t&#7921; (Order) v&agrave; H&#7895;n mang (Chaos). Tr&#7853;t t&#7921; l&agrave; b&#7845;t c&#7913; th&#7913; g&igrave; mang l&#7841;i s&#7921; &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh nh&#432; n&#7873;n v&#259;n minh, gia &#273;&igrave;nh, ng&ocirc;i nh&agrave;, &aacute;nh l&#7917;a, v&#7883; vua (gi&#7919; thi&ecirc;n h&#7841; th&aacute;i b&igrave;nh), lu&#7853;t ph&aacute;p... H&#7895;n mang l&agrave; b&#7845;t c&#7913; th&#7913; g&igrave; b&#7841;n kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875; d&#7921; &#273;o&aacute;n tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c, &#273;e d&#7885;a s&#7921; &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh nh&#432; Con r&#7891;ng, Ch&uacute;a t&#7875; Voldermort, D&#7841; v&#432;&#417;ng, Th&#7847;n ch&#7871;t, T&#7921; nhi&ecirc;n WC t&#7855;c, xe th&#7911;ng x&#259;m, m&#7845;t &#273;i&#7879;n tho&#7841;i... Gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; trong Th&aacute;i c&#7921;c &#273;&#7891;, &Acirc;m-D&#432;&#417;ng lu&ocirc;n h&ograve;a quy&#7879;n v&agrave;o nhau, Order v&agrave; Chaos l&agrave; 2 tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m c&#259;n b&#7843;n c&#7911;a s&#7921; t&#7891;n t&#7841;i, lu&ocirc;n lu&ocirc;n c&oacute; th&#7875; chuy&#7875;n h&oacute;a cho nhau. V&iacute; d&#7909;: B&#7841;n &#273;ang vi vu tr&ecirc;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;i h&#7885;c (Order) &#273;&#7897;t nhi&ecirc;n pikachu lao ra, tu&yacute;t c&ograve;i th&#7871; l&agrave; ho&#7843;ng lo&#7841;n, g&#7863;p Chaos, kh&oacute;c 10' anh &#7845;y cho &#273;i, th&#7871; l&agrave; l&#7841;i v&agrave;o Order. &#272;&#7871;n l&#7899;p, b&#7883; mu&#7897;n &#273;i&#7875;m danh, GV cho ngh&#7881; thi gi&#7919;a k&igrave;, l&#7841;i g&#7863;p Chaos. &#272;i n&#7917;a &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng m&#7845;t &#273;i&#7879;n tho&#7841;i, &#273;&atilde; th&#7871; ti&#7873;n nh&agrave; l&#7841;i h&#7871;t, b&#7889; l&#7841;i s&#7855;p qu&ecirc; l&ecirc;n kh&aacute;m b&#7879;nh, ch&#7895; l&agrave;m m&#7899;i b&aacute;o cho ngh&#7881; vi&#7879;c th&igrave; l&agrave; r&#417;i v&agrave;o Chaos th&#7921;c s&#7921;. T&#7889;i v&#7851;n c&#7889; r&#7911; crush &#273;i xem phim, may m&agrave; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c n&#7855;m tay, m&#7889;i t&igrave;nh n&agrave;y c&oacute; v&#7867; tri&#7875;n v&#7885;ng th&igrave; l&#7841;i n&acirc;ng &#273;&#7905; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&uacute;t Order. Qu&aacute; nhi&#7873;u Chaos th&igrave; g&#7863;p kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng li&ecirc;n t&#7909;c, nh&#432;ng qu&aacute; nhi&#7873;u Order th&igrave; &#273;&#7901;i c&#361;ng t&#7867; nh&#7841;t kh&ocirc;ng k&eacute;m. C&acirc;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; Meaning l&agrave; c&acirc;u chuy&#7879;n t&#7915;ng t&iacute; m&#7897;t, lao v&agrave;o v&ugrave;ng unknown [chaos], chi&#7871;n &#273;&#7845;u v&agrave; bi&#7871;n n&oacute; th&agrave;nh v&ugrave;ng known [order]. Spirited Away (hay m&#7885;i c&acirc;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; 'anh h&ugrave;ng' kh&aacute;c) l&agrave; c&acirc;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; s&#7921; chuy&#7875;n d&#7883;ch c&#7911;a Chihiro gi&#7919;a 2 giai &#273;&#7885;an cu&#7897;c &#273;&#7901;i t&#7915; Order sang Chaos v&agrave; nh&#7919;ng th&#7917; th&aacute;ch c&ocirc; ph&#7843;i &#273;&#7889;i m&#7863;t khi &#7903; 1 th&#7871; gi&#7899;i xa l&#7841;. [Gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; Harry Potter &#273;i h&#7885;c &#7903; Hogwarts]. 1. M&#7903; &#273;&#7847;u phim, gia &#273;&igrave;nh c&ocirc; chuy&#7875;n nh&agrave;. Nh&agrave; ch&iacute;nh l&agrave; bi&#7875;u t&#432;&#7907;ng c&#7911;a Order, c&#7911;a Center, c&#7911;a Identity. Chuy&#7875;n nh&agrave; l&agrave; chuy&#7875;n d&#7883;ch ra v&ugrave;ng bi&ecirc;n gi&aacute;p ranh v&#7899;i h&#7895;n mang, n&#417;i m&#7885;i th&#7913; ho&agrave;n to&agrave;n l&#7841; l&#7851;m, s&#7907; h&atilde;i, &#273;&#7847;y &#273;e d&#7885;a. (Ai chuy&#7875;n tr&#432;&#7901;ng, ho&#7863;c chuy&#7875;n nh&agrave; 1 th&aacute;ng &#273;&#7847;u th&igrave; bi&#7871;t th&#7871; n&agrave;o l&agrave; Chaos). Nh&#432;ng chuy&#7875;n "nh&agrave;" c&#361;ng l&agrave; s&#7921; b&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#7863;t v&#7873; m&#7863;t t&acirc;m l&yacute;: bi&#7871;n Chihiro t&#7915; c&ocirc; b&eacute; hay b&#432;&#7899;ng b&#7881;nh tr&#7903; n&ecirc;n &#273;&#7847;y d&#361;ng c&#7843;m v&agrave; bi&#7871;t hy sinh cho ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&aacute;c. Trong c&aacute;c b&#7897; l&#7841;c ng&agrave;y x&#432;a, h&#7885; g&#7885;i &#273;&acirc;y l&agrave; nghi l&#7877; tr&#432;&#7903;ng th&agrave;nh (rite of passage), n&#417;i m&agrave; c&aacute;c th&agrave;nh vi&ecirc;n ph&#7843;i tr&#7843;i qua nh&#7919;ng tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m kinh kh&#7911;ng, g&#7897;t b&#7887; c&aacute;i Identiy c&#361; c&#7911;a m&igrave;nh (nh&#432; b&#7887; l&#7841;c ngo&agrave;i r&#7915;ng v&agrave;i ch&#7909;c ng&agrave;y) &#273;&#7875; c&oacute; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c sinh ra l&#7847;n th&#7913; hai. "C&aacute;i ch&#7871;t" l&agrave; s&#7921; k&#7871;t th&uacute;c c&#7911;a "ng&ocirc;i nh&agrave; th&#417; ng&acirc;y" v&agrave; m&#7903; &#273;&#7847;u cho "ng&ocirc;i nh&agrave; c&#7911;a s&#7921; tr&#432;&#7903;ng th&agrave;nh". 2. C&agrave;ng xa "nh&agrave;", c&agrave;ng xa v&ugrave;ng trung t&acirc;m, c&agrave;ng xa kh&#7887;i &#273;&#7889;ng l&#7917;a th&igrave; b&#7841;n c&agrave;ng d&#7877; qu&ecirc;n &#273;i m&igrave;nh l&agrave; ai, v&igrave; th&#7871; ch&igrave;a kh&oacute;a c&#7911;a phim n&agrave;y l&agrave; Identity: khi b&#7883; lao v&agrave;o Chaos, nh&#432;ng b&#7841;n v&#7851;n kh&ocirc;ng qu&ecirc;n m&igrave;nh l&agrave; ai, gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&ocirc;ng "m&#7845;t g&#7889;c". (Nh&#432; s&#7907;i ch&#7881; c&#7911;a Ariadne trao cho Theseus &#273;&#7875; t&igrave;m &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng v&#7873; khi anh &#273;i v&agrave;o m&ecirc; cung ch&eacute;m qu&aacute;i v&#7853;t). 3. Khi b&#7883; l&#7841;c, gia &#273;&igrave;nh Chihiro &#273;i qua 1 c&aacute;i &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7847;m (Tunnel) &#273;&#7875; t&#432;&#7903;ng v&#7851;n v&agrave;o c&ocirc;ng vi&ecirc;n. Tunnel l&agrave; bi&#7875;u t&#432;&#7907;ng c&#7911;a s&#7921; chuy&#7875;n d&#7883;ch, nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i c&oacute; tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m c&#7853;n t&#7917; th&#432;&#7901;ng hay t&#7843; h&#7885; &#273;i qua 1 &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7847;m tr&#432;&#7899;c khi d&#7851;n sang 1 th&#7871; gi&#7899;i kh&aacute;c. 4. Sau &#273;&oacute;, gia &#273;&igrave;nh b&#432;&#7899;c qua d&ograve;ng s&ocirc;ng. Water l&agrave; &#273;&#7863;c tr&#432;ng c&#7911;a Chaos, bi&#7875;u t&#432;&#7907;ng cho s&#7921; chuy&#7875;n l&#432;u, gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; c&aacute;c linh h&#7891;n ph&#7843;i tr&#7843; cho Charon &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n v&agrave;ng &#273;&#7875; ch&egrave;o &#273;&ograve; qua s&ocirc;ng. 5. B&acirc;y gi&#7901;, h&#7885; &#273;&atilde; ch&iacute;nh th&#7913;c b&#432;&#7899;c v&agrave;o Th&#7871; gi&#7899;i xa l&#7841;. B&#7889; m&#7865; Chihiro &#259;n qu&aacute; nhi&#7873;u, n&ecirc;n bi&#7871;n th&agrave;nh l&#7907;n, tr&#7903; v&#7873; b&#7843;n ch&#7845;t th&#7845;p h&egrave;n, c&#7845;p d&#432;&#7899;i c&#7911;a con ng&#432;&#7901;i. Chihiro kh&ocirc;ng &#259;n g&igrave;, l&#7841;i c&oacute; nguy c&#417; th&agrave;nh h&#7891;n ma, th&agrave;nh spirit, v&ocirc; h&igrave;nh, nh&#432;ng kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; g&igrave; &#273;&#7875; 'hi&#7879;n h&#7919;u h&oacute;a'. Ngh&#297;a l&agrave; con ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#7847;n c&#7843; hai: linh h&#7891;n &amp; th&#7875; x&aacute;c (truy&#7879;n H&#7891;n tr&#432;&#417;ng ba, da h&agrave;ng th&#7883;t). Tr&iacute;ch trong S&aacute;ng th&#7871; k&yacute;: "God formed the human from the dust of the ground [matter, earth, v&#7853;t ch&#7845;t] and blew into his nostrils the breath of life [spirit, heaven, linh h&#7891;n]". 6. Chihiro tr&#7903; th&agrave;nh nh&acirc;n vi&ecirc;n nh&agrave; t&#7855;m, bi&#7875;u t&#432;&#7907;ng cho s&#7921; thanh t&#7849;y, gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; l&#7877; Baptism, v&agrave; nh&agrave; t&#7855;m bi&#7875;u t&#432;&#7907;ng cho v&#361; tr&#7909; thu nh&#7887; (microcosm). &#7902; t&#7847;ng d&#432;&#7899;i c&#7911;a nh&agrave; t&#7855;m l&agrave; c&aacute;c b&#7841;n b&#7891; h&oacute;ng, &ocirc;ng nh&#7879;n, l&ograve; &#273;&#7889;t t&#432;&#7907;ng tr&#432;ng cho c&#7845;p d&#432;&#7899;i. &#7902; t&#7847;ng tr&ecirc;n c&ugrave;ng l&agrave; Yubaba, l&agrave;m c&ocirc;ng vi&#7879;c &#273;&#7847;u &oacute;c, bi&#7871;n th&agrave;nh chim (bay cao = cao qu&yacute;), l&#7841;i c&oacute; 3 c&aacute;i &#273;&#7847;u, bi&#7875;u t&#432;&#7907;ng cho g&igrave; c&oacute; t&iacute;nh thanh khi&#7871;t h&#417;n. &#7902; &#273;&acirc;y, Chihiro c&#361;ng b&#7883; kh&oacute;a mi&#7879;ng [Logos], v&agrave; chuy&#7875;n sang 1 th&acirc;n ph&#7853;n m&#7899;i l&agrave; Sen. 7. Linh h&#7891;n h&ocirc;i th&#7889;i &#273;i t&#7855;m v&#7873; c&#417; b&#7843;n l&agrave; c&acirc;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; r&#7917;a t&#7897;i. C&aacute;i gai c&#7855;m v&agrave;o c&#361;ng gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; c&aacute;i gai sinh ra khi Adam &amp; Eva &#259;n tr&aacute;i c&#7845;m, v&agrave; b&#7883; &#273;u&#7893;i kh&#7887;i thi&ecirc;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng, &#273;&#7875; n&#7871;m tr&#7843;i nh&#7919;ng tr&ocirc;ng gai cu&#7897;c &#273;&#7901;i, v&agrave; n&#7871;m tr&#7843;i c&aacute;i ch&#7871;t [v&igrave; th&#7871; m&agrave; c&oacute; m&ugrave;i th&#7889;i r&#7919;a]. Trong &#273;&acirc;y, nh&#7893; c&aacute;i gai c&ograve;n &#273;&#7847;u m&#7895;i d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n 1 &#273;&#7889;ng s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m th&#7915;a th&atilde;i c&#7911;a n&#7873;n v&#259;n minh, nh&#7919;ng g&aacute;nh n&#7863;ng m&agrave; b&#7841;n ph&#7843;i bu&ocirc;ng b&#7887; &#273;&#7875; linh h&#7891;n c&oacute; th&#7875; "nh&#7865; c&aacute;nh" m&agrave; t&igrave;m tr&#7903; l&#7841;i v&#7873; v&#7899;i thi&ecirc;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng. V&igrave; th&#7871; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c g&#7897;t r&#7917;a, linh h&#7891;n kia &#273;&#7875; l&#7841;i 1 c&aacute;i core l&agrave; v&agrave;ng [bi&#7875;u t&#432;&#7907;ng cho s&#7921; tinh khi&#7871;t nh&#7845;t, s&aacute;ng nh&#7845;t, hi&#7871;m nh&#7845;t so v&#7899;i b&#7841;c, &#273;&#7891;ng, s&#7855;t] &amp; 1 h&#7841;t m&#7847;m [b&aacute;nh bao th&#7843;o m&#7897;c] 7. S&#7921; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n c&#7911;a v&ocirc; di&#7879;n xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n l&agrave; 1 b&agrave;i Test, &#273;&#7875; cho th&#7845;y b&#7841;n th&#7921;c s&#7921; l&agrave; ai. Khi c&aacute;c nh&acirc;n vi&ecirc;n kh&aacute;c khu&#7845;t ph&#7909;c tr&#432;&#7899;c l&ograve;ng tham (V&agrave;ng), th&igrave; v&ocirc; di&#7879;n nu&#7889;t h&#7885;, gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; Desire nu&#7889;t ch&#7917;ng b&#7841;n khi b&#7841;n th&egrave;m thu&#7891;ng th&#7913; g&igrave; &#273;&oacute; m&#7897;t c&aacute;ch m&#7845;t ki&#7875;m so&aacute;t, nh&#432; th&egrave;m &#259;n, th&egrave;m sex, th&egrave;m fame... Nh&#432;ng khi &#273;&#7871;n Sen, ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&atilde; t&#7921; m&#7903; c&#7917;a cho qu&aacute;i v&#7853;t v&agrave;o nh&agrave;, cho d&ugrave; ng&acirc;y th&#417; [gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; b&#7841;n ph&#7843;i t&#7921; m&#7903; c&#7917;a &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7889;i di&#7879;n v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng ham mu&#7889;n, d&ugrave; l&agrave; x&#7845;u xa trong b&#7841;n &ndash; ph&#7847;n b&oacute;ng t&#7889;i], th&igrave; Sen ch&#7913;ng minh m&igrave;nh kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875; b&#7883; tha h&oacute;a. 8. V&ocirc; di&#7879;n v&agrave; linh h&#7891;n h&ocirc;i th&ocirc;i l&agrave; 2 m&#7863;t c&#7911;a 1 &#273;&#7891;ng xu, gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; 2 ch&#7883; em ph&ugrave; th&#7911;y, gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; Persona v&agrave; Shadow trong b&#7841;n. Linh h&#7891;n h&ocirc;i th&#7889;i, c&oacute; linh h&#7891;n thanh khi&#7871;t, ho&#259;c "ph&#7853;t t&iacute;nh" b&ecirc;n trong, nh&#432;ng v&igrave; t&iacute;ch r&aacute;c qu&aacute; nhi&#7873;u [gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; b&#7841;n &#273;&#7885;c Kenh14 h&agrave;ng ng&agrave;y] m&agrave; qu&ecirc;n m&#7845;t ph&#7847;n l&otilde;i c&#7911;a m&igrave;nh. V&ocirc; di&#7879;n th&igrave; c&#7889; mu&#7889;n &#259;n m&#7885;i th&#7913;, m&agrave; c&#361;ng kh&ocirc;ng bi&#7871;t m&igrave;nh l&agrave; ai, n&ecirc;n Sen &#273;&atilde; cho c&aacute;i l&otilde;i, h&#7841;t m&#7847;m [seed] &#273;&#7875; t&igrave;m l&#7841;i s&#7921; c&acirc;n b&#7857;ng c&#7911;a m&igrave;nh. [Ham mu&#7889;n kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; nh&agrave;, ham mu&#7889;n m&agrave; &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c, th&igrave; ham mu&#7889;n t&#7921; bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t. V&iacute; d&#7909;: khi b&#7841;n ham mu&#7889;n c&oacute; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&ocirc; &#7845;y, v&agrave; b&#7841;n c&oacute; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&ocirc; &#7845;y, th&igrave; ham mu&#7889;n ban &#273;&#7847;u &#273;&oacute; bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t]. 9. Chihiro, gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; m&#7885;i anh h&ugrave;ng kh&aacute;c, lao v&agrave;o Chaos, h&ograve;a gi&#7843;i nh&#7919;ng m&#7889;i b&#7845;t &#273;&#7891;ng, c&#7843;i t&#7841;o th&#7871; gi&#7899;i m&#7899;i, c&#7913;u cha m&#7865;, sau &#273;&oacute; v&#432;&#7907;t qua d&ograve;ng s&ocirc;ng, tr&#7903; v&#7873; th&#7871; gi&#7899;i c&#361;, nh&#432;ng b&acirc;y gi&#7901; &#273;&atilde; tr&#7903; th&agrave;nh con ng&#432;&#7901;i ho&agrave;n to&agrave;n kh&aacute;c. Qu&aacute; tr&igrave;nh chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i &#273;&atilde; ho&agrave;n th&agrave;nh. V&agrave; &#273;&oacute; c&acirc;u chuy&#7879;n c&#7911;a m&#7885;i c&acirc;u chuy&#7879;n &amp; c&#361;ng l&agrave; c&acirc;u chuy&#7879;n &yacute; ngh&#297;a nh&#7845;t n&#7871;u mu&#7889;n t&igrave;m th&#7845;y Meaning &amp; Happiness trong &#273;&#7901;i. Mu&#7889;n hi&#7875;u h&#417;n nh&#7919;ng g&igrave; &ocirc;ng n&oacute;i th&igrave; &#273;&#7885;c th&ecirc;m: The Language of Creation: Cosmic Symbolism in Genesis Ngu&#7891;n: Minh &#272;&agrave;o <a href="https://www.facebook.com/hashtag/lovebookslovelife?epa=HASHTAG">#lovebookslovelife</a></body></html>

Ngọc Nam Nguyễn

Mình không đưa Spirited Away vào Syllabus khóa mới, vì sợ lại nhầm lớp về Ghibli, nhưng nếu nhìn kỹ phim này, hoặc phần lớn các bộ phim bạn gặp 

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