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Giai &#273;o&#7841;n h&#432;ng c&#7843;m (manic episodes) l&agrave; m&#7897;t giai &#273;o&#7841;n khi&#7871;n ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7879;nh li&ecirc;n t&#7909;c tr&#7843;i qua nh&#7919;ng c&#7843;m x&uacute;c vui v&#7867;, n&#259;ng &#273;&#7897;ng v&agrave; d&#7877; c&aacute;u gi&#7853;n m&#7897;t c&aacute;ch b&#7845;t th&#432;&#7901;ng (Purse, 2020). H&#432;ng c&#7843;m th&#432;&#7901;ng x&#7843;y ra &#273;&#7897;t ng&#7897;t v&agrave; k&eacute;o d&agrave;i t&#7915; 2 tu&#7847;n &#273;&#7871;n 4 ho&#7863;c 5 th&aacute;ng (Guy-Evans, 2021).&nbsp;Nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7855;c ch&#7913;ng h&#432;ng c&#7843;m th&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7869; c&oacute; nhi&#7873;u bi&#7875;u hi&#7879;n kh&aacute;c nhau, th&#7853;m ch&iacute; l&agrave; &#273;&#7889;i l&#7853;p v&#7899;i nhau. Khi tr&#7843;i qua giai &#273;o&#7841;n c&#7843;m x&uacute;c n&agrave;y, h&#7885; c&oacute; th&#7875; c&oacute; c&#7843;m gi&aacute;c h&#432;ng ph&#7845;n, tr&agrave;n &#273;&#7847;y n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng, ho&#7863;c c&#361;ng c&oacute; th&#7875; l&agrave; n&oacute;ng gi&#7853;n v&agrave; d&#7877; m&#7845;t t&#7853;p trung. H&#417;n th&#7871; n&#7919;a, ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7879;nh c&ograve;n c&oacute; th&#7875; c&oacute; nh&#7919;ng bi&#7875;u hi&#7879;n r&#7889;i lo&#7841;n t&acirc;m th&#7847;n nh&#432; b&#7883; &#7843;o t&#432;&#7903;ng hay &#7843;o gi&aacute;c. H&#432;ng c&#7843;m c&ograve;n khi&#7871;n ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7879;nh kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875; ng&#7911; &#273;&#7911; gi&#7845;c ho&#7863;c &#259;n u&#7889;ng &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#7897;. H&#7885; c&ograve;n c&oacute; th&#7875; c&oacute; nh&#7919;ng suy ngh&#297; v&#7873; vi&#7879;c t&#7921; t&#7917; v&agrave; t&#7921; l&agrave;m h&#7841;i b&#7843;n th&acirc;n m&igrave;nh b&#7857;ng nh&#7919;ng h&agrave;nh vi r&#7911;i ro m&agrave; ch&iacute;nh h&#7885; kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875; ki&#7875;m so&aacute;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c, v&iacute; d&#7909; nh&#432; c&aacute; c&#432;&#7907;c hay d&ugrave;ng ch&#7845;t g&acirc;y nghi&#7879;n (Purse, 2020). Ngo&agrave;i ra, theo Robinson (2019), m&#7897;t b&#7879;nh nh&acirc;n r&#7889;i lo&#7841;n l&#432;&#7905;ng c&#7921;c, n&oacute;i r&#7857;ng khi c&ocirc; &#7845;y b&#7883; h&#432;ng c&#7843;m, r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u &yacute; t&#432;&#7903;ng s&aacute;ng t&#7841;o &#273;&atilde; li&ecirc;n t&#7909;c lo&eacute; l&ecirc;n trong &#273;&#7847;u c&ocirc;: t&#7915; nh&#7919;ng b&agrave;i b&aacute;o c&ocirc; n&ecirc;n vi&#7871;t &#273;&#7871;n nh&#7919;ng l&#7901;i b&agrave;i h&aacute;t v&#7899;i nhi&#7873;u t&#7847;ng ngh&#297;a.&nbsp;Ch&#7855;c h&#7859;n, b&#7841;n &#273;ang ngh&#297; r&#7857;ng m&#7897;t c&#259;n b&#7879;nh tuy &#273;&#7889;i ngh&#7883;ch v&#7899;i tr&#7847;m c&#7843;m nh&#432;ng l&#7841;i c&oacute; nhi&#7873;u &#273;i&#7875;m t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#7891;ng trong bi&#7875;u hi&#7879;n ch&#7855;c h&#7859;n s&#7869; c&oacute; nh&#7919;ng ngu&#7891;n g&#7889;c gi&#7889;ng v&#7899;i tr&#7847;m c&#7843;m &#273;&uacute;ng kh&ocirc;ng? Th&#7921;c ch&#7845;t, c&aacute;c nh&agrave; khoa h&#7885;c ch&#432;a t&igrave;m ra &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7897;t nguy&ecirc;n nh&acirc;n c&#7909; th&#7875; n&agrave;o cho c&#259;n b&#7879;nh n&agrave;y. Hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i, h&#7885; tin r&#7857;ng c&oacute; m&#7897;t v&agrave;i nh&acirc;n t&#7889; g&oacute;p ph&#7847;n g&acirc;y ra h&#432;ng c&#7843;m, bao g&#7891;m:<ul><li>Di truy&#7873;n: Nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i c&oacute; b&#7889; m&#7865; ho&#7863;c anh em c&oacute; c&#259;n b&#7879;nh n&agrave;y s&#7869; c&oacute; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng cao ph&#7843;i tr&#7843;i qua khung b&#7853;c h&#432;ng c&#7843;m h&#417;n (Duckworth, 2017)</li><li>S&#7921; c&#259;ng th&#7859;ng: Thay &#273;&#7893;i &#273;&#7897;t ng&#7897;t v&#7873; m&ocirc;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7889;ng, l&agrave;m vi&#7879;c, ho&#7863;c m&#7897;t s&#7921; ki&#7879;n g&acirc;y c&#259;ng th&#7859;ng nh&#432; s&#7921; ra &#273;i c&#7911;a m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i th&acirc;n hay &aacute;p l&#7921;c t&agrave;i ch&iacute;nh c&#361;ng c&oacute; th&#7875; g&acirc;y ra h&#432;ng c&#7843;m (Guy-Evans, 2021).&nbsp;</li><li>R&#7889;i lo&#7841;n l&#432;&#7905;ng c&#7921;c: H&#432;ng c&#7843;m c&ograve;n c&oacute; th&#7875; l&agrave; d&#7845;u hi&#7879;u c&#7911;a r&#7889;i lo&#7841;n l&#432;&#7905;ng c&#7921;c, m&#7897;t c&#259;n b&#7879;nh khi&#7871;n b&#7879;nh nh&acirc;n tr&#7843;i qua nh&#7919;ng khung b&#7853;c c&#7843;m x&uacute;c c&#7921;c &#273;&#7897; nh&#432; tr&#7847;m c&#7843;m v&agrave; h&#432;ng c&#7843;m.</li><li>M&#7897;t s&#7889; b&#7879;nh kh&aacute;c: Th&#7853;m ch&iacute;, lupus ban &#273;&#7887;, thi&#7871;u ng&#7911; v&agrave; &#273;&#7897;t qu&#7925; c&#361;ng l&agrave; m&#7897;t v&agrave;i nguy&ecirc;n nh&acirc;n c&#7911;a c&#259;n b&#7879;nh n&agrave;y (Purse, 2020).</li></ul>&nbsp;Tuy kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; m&#7897;t c&aacute;ch c&#7909; th&#7875; n&agrave;o &#273;&#7875; ch&#7919;a kh&#7887;i h&#432;ng c&#7843;m, ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7879;nh c&oacute; th&#7875; k&#7871;t h&#7907;p m&#7897;t s&#7889; lo&#7841;i thu&#7889;c, ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&aacute;p tr&#7883; li&#7879;u v&agrave; s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i trong l&#7889;i s&#7889;ng s&#7869; gi&uacute;p ki&#7875;m so&aacute;t &amp; gi&#7843;m thi&#7875;u nh&#7919;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i c&#7843;m x&uacute;c n&agrave;y (Purse, 2020). V&#7873; thu&#7889;c u&#7889;ng, ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7855;c ch&#7913;ng h&#432;ng c&#7843;m c&oacute; th&#7875; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng thu&#7889;c ch&#7889;ng lo&#7841;n th&#7847;n, lithium ho&#7863;c valproate &#273;&#7875; gi&uacute;p &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh c&#7843;m x&uacute;c (Guy-Evans, 2021). Ngo&agrave;i ra, h&#7885; c&ograve;n c&oacute; th&#7875; l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n m&#7897;t s&#7889; ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&aacute;p tr&#7883; li&#7879;u nh&#432; tr&#7883; li&#7879;u t&acirc;m l&yacute;, tr&#7883; li&#7879;u h&agrave;nh vi nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c v&agrave; ng&ocirc;n ng&#7919;. C&aacute;ch ch&#7919;a b&#7879;nh n&agrave;y s&#7869; gi&uacute;p nh&#7853;n di&#7879;n c&aacute;c nguy&ecirc;n nh&acirc;n v&agrave; tri&#7879;u ch&#7913;ng c&#7911;a nh&#7919;ng giai &#273;o&#7841;n h&#432;ng c&#7843;m, t&#7915; &#273;&oacute; gi&uacute;p b&#7879;nh nh&acirc;n d&#7877; d&agrave;ng ki&#7875;m so&aacute;t c&#7843;m x&uacute;c v&agrave; t&igrave;m nh&#7919;ng c&aacute;ch gi&#7843;m nh&#7865; tri&#7879;u ch&#7913;ng khi c&oacute;. M&#7897;t s&#7889; th&oacute;i quen h&agrave;ng ng&agrave;y &amp; thay &#273;&#7893;i trong &#273;&#7901;i s&#7889;ng &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n nh&#432; ng&#7911; &#273;&#7911; gi&#7845;c, theo d&otilde;i c&#7843;m x&uacute;c c&#7911;a b&#7843;n th&acirc;n v&agrave; t&#7853;p th&#7875; d&#7909;c &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#7897; c&#361;ng s&#7869; gi&uacute;p ki&#7875;m so&aacute;t c&aacute;c giai &#273;o&#7841;n h&#432;ng c&#7843;m (Purse, 2020).&nbsp;T&agrave;i li&#7879;u tham kh&#7843;o:&nbsp;<ol><li>Duckworth, K. (2017). Bipolar Disorder. NAMI. <a href="https://www.nami.org/About-Mental-Illness/Mental-Health-Conditions/Bipolar-Disorder" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="background-color: transparent; color: rgb(17, 85, 204);">https://www.nami.org/About-Mental-Illness/Mental-Health-Conditions/Bipolar-Disorder</a>&nbsp;</li><li>Guy-Evans, O. (2021). What is a manic episode. Simply Psychology. <a href="http://www.simplypsychology.org/how-to-recognize-a-manic-episode.html" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="background-color: transparent; color: rgb(17, 85, 204);">www.simplypsychology.org/how-to-recognize-a-manic-episode.html</a>&nbsp;</li><li>Purse, M. (2020). What Is a Manic Episode? Very Well Mind. <a href="https://www.verywellmind.com/how-to-recognize-a-manic-episode-380316#what-is-a-manic-episode" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="background-color: transparent; color: rgb(17, 85, 204);">https://www.verywellmind.com/how-to-recognize-a-manic-episode-380316#what-is-a-manic-episode</a>&nbsp;</li><li>Robinson, M. (2019). This Is What It Feels Like to Have a Bipolar Manic Episode. Healthline. <a href="https://www.healthline.com/health/what-a-bipolar-manic-episode-feels-like" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="background-color: transparent; color: rgb(17, 85, 204);">https://www.healthline.com/health/what-a-bipolar-manic-episode-feels-like</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ol>______________________________________PsychoHub - D&#7921; &aacute;n T&acirc;m l&yacute; h&#7885;c thu&#7897;c Youth+ CommunityFanpage:<a href="https://www.facebook.com/PsychoHub.Project/?__cft__%5B0%5D=AZWt44uS9P0EfoWJnu7X3ksZhunXAmZ5Q5adLglFshYQQ7_cxX7GDzw2lezqbpZliSl6pKsWJbsTonzph16CQvAUkcH421_9OBRtOOxoasoJDQVRsWJrWmHFFRa4Kngmc2OjBSm6vK_qYB4Bs8V4k5q6HzFUgZ9WZJKsuCH-HnAOHQ&amp;__tn__=kK-R" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="background-color: transparent; color: rgb(5, 5, 5);"> </a><a href="https://www.facebook.com/PsychoHub.Project/?__cft__%5B0%5D=AZWt44uS9P0EfoWJnu7X3ksZhunXAmZ5Q5adLglFshYQQ7_cxX7GDzw2lezqbpZliSl6pKsWJbsTonzph16CQvAUkcH421_9OBRtOOxoasoJDQVRsWJrWmHFFRa4Kngmc2OjBSm6vK_qYB4Bs8V4k5q6HzFUgZ9WZJKsuCH-HnAOHQ&amp;__tn__=kK-R" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="background-color: transparent; color: rgb(17, 85, 204);">https://www.facebook.com/PsychoHub.Project/</a>Email: youth.psychohub@gmail.com&nbsp;&nbsp;

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